Earth Constitution
Executive Summary of main provisions of the CONSTITUTION FOR EARTH FEDERATION
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1. Broad functions of Earth Federation are the following:
1.1. to prevent war; 1.2. to protect universal human rights; 1.3. to end poverty; 1.4. to regulate international processes; 1.5. to protect the environment and ecological fabric of life, that is, the biosphere; and 1.6. to devise solutions to world problems beyond the capacity of national governments.
2. Basic structure of Earth Federation is the following:
2.1. People and nations organize as a universal federation, to include all people, all nations, and all oceans, seas and lands of Earth, including atmosphere and space. 2.2. Earth Federation is non-military and democratic, with ultimate sovereignty of the people of Earth.
2.3. Powers of Earth Federation apply to problems that transcend national boundaries. 2.4. For world elections and administration, Earth is united into 1000 World Districts total, within +/-10% limits equal in population, of 20 World Regions, combining to 10 Magna-Regions in 5 Continental Divisions.
3. Organs of the Earth Federation are the following:
3.1. The World Parliament; 3.2. The World Executive;
3.3. The World Administration; 3.4. The Integrative Complex;
3.5. The World Judiciary; 3.6. The Enforcement System; and
3.7. The World Ombudsmus.
4. This Earth Constitution grants Earth Federation the jurisdiction and powers necessary to ensure the effective broad functions of the Earth Federation. Earth Federation must have no military power, but may use world legislation, administration, education, finance, civil police enforcement system, world court system, ombudsmus public defense and other regulatory powers to ensure effective enforcement of world law.
5. World Parliament composes of three legislative houses, to consider, adopt, amend and repeal World Legislation.
* People of Earth directly elect House of Peoples, with one delegate from each of 1000 World Electoral and Administrative Districts. Term of office is 5 years, with no re-election limits. Minimum age is 21.
* Nations appoint or elect House of Nations. Term of office is 5 years, with no re-election limits. Minimum age is 21.
* University students and faculty of World Regions nominate regional candidates from anywhere for House of Counsellors. From nominations, Regional Members of both House of Peoples and House of Nations elect 10 Counsellors for Region to total 200, 10 from each of 20 Regions; House of Counsellors has nominative, consultative, initiative and referral functions. Term of office is 10 years, with no re-election limits. Minimum age is 25. People of Earth may launch initiatives for world legislation, and may vote on referendums submitted from World Parliament.
6. World Parliament elects and supervises a World Executive. House of Counsellors nominates and World Parliament elects Presidium of an annually rotating president and 4 vice-presidents, all current Members of World Parliament (MPs), and an Executive Cabinet of 30 ministers, all MPs. The World Executive must neither veto nor suspend the World Parliament nor the Earth Constitution. The World Executive has no military power.
7. The 30 Cabinet Ministers and Vice Presidents head the World Administration, of about 30 ministries. The Presidium nominates and Cabinet elects a Secretary General to coordinate the ministries.
8. Broad functions that naturally duplicate within each ministry integrate in agencies of the Integrative Complex: World Civil Service Administration; World Boundaries and Elections Administration; Institute on Governmental Procedures and World Problems; Agency for Research and Planning; Agency for Technological and Environmental Assessment; World Financial Administration; and Commission for Legislative Review. World Parliament with variable organs of the Earth Federation elect 12-member commissions to head each agency. All agencies except Commission for Legislative Review include a Cabinet Minister or Vice President of the Executive, plus a Senior Administrator from civil service lists.
9. Benches form a World Judiciary, including World Supreme Court, Regional World Courts and District World Courts, having mandatory jurisdiction over different kinds of issues:
Human Rights, Criminal Cases, Civil Cases, Constitutional Cases, International Conflicts, Public Cases, Appelate Bench, Advisory Bench, and Superior Tribunal for cases of extra-ordinary public importance. World Judiciary has 5 continental seats. House of Counsellors nominates and World Parliament elects a Collegium of World Judges of 20 to 60 Members, headed by a Presiding Council of 5 members which assigns judges to the several Benches. Judge minimum age is 30. Judge minimum juristic or legal experience is 10 years.
10. The Enforcement System
World Parliament elects an Office of World Attorneys General with 5 World Attorneys General and commission of 20 Regional World Attorneys, to head non-military Enforcement System. Earth Federation neither retains nor uses weapons of mass destruction. World Attorney minimum age is 30. World Attorney minimum legal experience is 7 years. Term limit is 3 consecutive 5-year terms. World Parliament may remove World Attorneys. World Attorneys appoint a World Police Supervisor and 20 Regional World Police Captains, all removable by Parliament, with 10-year employment limit. World Police apprehend individual suspected lawbreakers. World Parliament regulates World Police, which shall follow due process, and obtain warrants for search & arrests.
11. House of Counsellors nominates and World Parliament elects a
World Ombudsmus Council of 5 World Ombudsen and Commission of 20 Regional World Advocates to protect human rights and ensure proper government functioning. Limits are two 10-year terms. Ombudsan minimum age is 30. Ombudsan minimum legal experience is 5 years.
12. Bill of Rights guarantees inalienable human rights, including all those customarily guaranteed by civil nations: equal rights, equal protection, freedom of expression, association & religion, habeas corpus rights, universal suffrage, property, privacy, & other prohibitions against government intrusions.
13. Directive Principles of 19 sections list additional civil rights and benefits to be guaranteed and implemented over time for all people.
14.1. Earth Federation guarantees the following: full faith and credit to public acts, records, legislation and judicial proceedings of member nations; nations retain jurisdiction over internal affairs; asylum for refuge seekers from nations not in Earth Federation;
14.2. Earth Constitution reserves non-delegated powers to
Earth Federation member nations and to the people of Earth.
15. World Parliament establishes five world capitals in 5 Continental Divisions: 1 Primary Capital and 4 Secondary Capitals. World Parliament establishes 20 World Federal Zones in 20 World Regions.
16.1. The people of Earth have ownership and Earth Federation has jurisdiction of all oceans from 20 kilometers offshore, the seabeds, vital straits, channels, canals, the Moon and the atmosphere from 1 km. above the general surface of the land.
16.2. Earth Federation shall establish peaceful external relations. The Presidium negotiates external relations and treaties, subject to approval by the World Parliament.
17. Earth Constitution implements by stages:
Provisional Earth Federation, before 25 countries or before World Districts including 10% of world population have ratified.
First Operative Stage, when 25 countries or World Districts including 10% of world population have ratified, or equivalent mix.
Second Operative Stage, when 50% of countries and World Districts including 50% of world population have ratified, or equivalent mix.
Full Operative Stage, when 80% of countries, comprising 90% of world population, have ratified.
Nations may give preliminary ratification. Preliminary ratification is subject to final ratification of people at least 18 years of age, by simple majority of votes cast in popular referendum, with at least 25% of electorate casting votes within any respective world district. Viable agencies of the United Nations Organization integrate into the Earth Federation.
18. People may initiate amendment procedures to the Earth Constitution by 200,000 signatures from each of 20 world districts and submission to vote of World Parliament. Additionally, World Constitutional Convention shall convene not less that every 20 years. Amendments are subject to absolute 2/3 majority vote of 3 Houses of World Parliament voting separately.
19. Provisional World Parliament may adopt world legislation prior to first operative stage, subject to re-confirmation by World Parliament.
The Constitution for the Federation of Earth was developed and adopted by 4 sessions of World Constituent Assembly meeting around the world in 1968, 1977, 1979 & 1991.
May this Earth Constitution reflect That Which would be the Will of the People of Earth!